English Guide E-book:
Unit 1 – Introducing
Sirve para presentarse, entregar datos personales (Nombre, Edad, Profesión, etc).
Aux: TO BE
Present: am, is, are
Past: was, were
Future: will be
Alice
Aff: I am Alice and I am a member at Digital Nomad Academy.
Neg: I am not a doctor and I am not married.
Int: Are you a student?
Unit 2 – To Point at Things
Sirve para señalar objetos o personas que estén cerca o lejos.
Aux: TO BE
Present: am, is, are
Past: was, were
Future: will be
| Near | Far | |
| Singular | This | That |
| Plural | These | Those |
Aff: This is a house. That is a big house. Those are 3 houses.
Neg: This is not a house. That is not a big house. Those are not 3 houses.
Int: Is this is a house? Is that a big house? Are those are 3 houses?
Unit 3 – Present Continuous / Past Continuous
El presente continuo se utiliza para describir acciones que están ocurriendo “Ahora” y también para el futuro.
Aux: TO BE
Present: am, is, are
Past: was, were
Future: will be
Aff: I am working in that office around the corner.
Neg: They are not cooking at
home.
Int: What are you doing?
I am eating an apple
Unit 4 – Imperatives
Sirve para dar instrucciones u órdenes.
Aux: TO DO
AUX: TO DO
(DON’T)
Let’s – Let’s not
Aff: call me tomorrow. I am working in that office around the corner.
Neg: They are not cooking at
home.
Int: What are you doing?
I am eating an apple
Let’s Study Together!
Why is 6 afraid of 7?
Why was the math book sad?
Why couldn’t the bicycle stand up by itself?
Hi, let’s study together. All of these questions can be answered by studying this guide…
For more jokes, Read this Article
Índice Principal
- A.- Información recomendada antes de utilizar esta guía.
- 1.- Reglas Universales para Hablar Inglés
- 2.- Sección General de Verbos
- 3.- Puntos Importantes
- B.- Herramientas Lingüísticas
- 1.- Introducing:
- 2.- To Point at Things
- 3.- Present Continuous – Past Continuous
- 4.- Imperatives
- 5.- Simple Present – Simple Past
- 6.- Connectors, Prepositions, and useful words
- 7.- Abilities
- 8.- Future
- 9.- Quantities (How much, how many)
- 10.- Conditionals
- 11.- Comparative and Superlative Form
- 12.- Present/Past Perfect – Present /Past Perfect Continuous
- 13.- Phrasal Verbs
- 14.- Passive Voice
Reglas Universales para hablar Inglés
- Para crear oraciones afirmativas se utiliza el verbo auxiliar “AUX” después del Sujeto:
(Sujeto + Aux + Complemento) - Para crear oraciones negativas se utiliza la partícula “NOT” después del verbo auxiliary:
(Sujeto + Aux “not” +Complemento) - Para crear oraciones interrogativas el verbo auxiliar “AUX” se coloca antes del Sujeto:
(Aux + Sujeto + Complemento?)
A.- Información recomendada antes de utilizar esta guía (ideas básicas para tener una buena práctica de inglés desde el nivel 1)
- Reglas Universales para Hablar Inglés
- Ejemplos: Reglas Universales para Hablar Inglés
- Ejemplos de Oraciones Afirmativas (Sujeto + Aux + Complemento).
- Ejemplos de Oraciones Negativas (Sujeto + Aux “not” + Complemento)
- Ejemplos de Oraciones Interrogativas (Aux + Sujeto + Complemento?)
Table 1: Basic Verbs
| Spanish | Infinitive | Base Form | Gerund | Simple Past | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ser/estar | to be | be | being | was/were | been |
| hacer | to do | do | doing | did | done |
| tener | to have | have | having | had | had |
Table 2: Irregular Verbs
| Spanish | Infinitive | Base Form | Gerund | Simple Past | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ir | to go | go | going | went | gone |
| venir | to come | come | coming | came | come |
| ver | to see | see | seeing | saw | seen |
| dar | to give | give | giving | gave | given |
| saber | to know | know | knowing | knew | known |
| tomar | to take | take | taking | took | taken |
| pensar | to think | think | thinking | thought | thought |
| decir | to say | say | saying | said | said |
| poner | to put | put | putting | put | put |
| ir (en) | to ride | ride | riding | rode | ridden |
| escribir | to write | write | writing | wrote | written |
| conocer | to meet | meet | meeting | met | met |
| vender | to sell | sell | selling | sold | sold |
| sentarse | to sit | sit | sitting | sat | sat |
| correr | to run | run | running | ran | run |
| construir | to build | build | building | built | built |
| leer | to read | read | reading | read | read |
| decir | to tell | tell | telling | told | told |
| estar de pie | to stand | stand | standing | stood | stood |
| comprar | to buy | buy | buying | bought | bought |
Table 3: Irregular Verbs
| Spanish | Infinitive | Base Form | Gerund | Simple Past | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| beber | to drink | drink | drinking | drank | drunk |
| conducir | to drive | drive | driving | drove | driven |
| volar | to fly | fly | flying | flew | flown |
| comer | to eat | eat | eating | ate | eaten |
| sentir | to feel | feel | feeling | felt | felt |
| olvidar | to forget | forget | forgetting | forgot | forgotten |
| congelar | to freeze | freeze | freezing | froze | frozen |
| obtener | to get | get | getting | got | gotten/got |
| crecer | to grow | grow | growing | grew | grown |
| colgar | to hang | hang | hanging | hung | hung |
| oír | to hear | hear | hearing | heard | heard |
| esconder | to hide | hide | hiding | hid | hidden |
| mantener | to keep | keep | keeping | kept | kept |
| saber | to know | know | knowing | knew | known |
| aprender | to learn | learn | learning | learnt/learned | learnt/learned |
| dejar | to leave | leave | leaving | left | left |
| prestar | to lend | lend | lending | lent | lent |
| perder | to lose | lose | losing | lost | lost |
| hacer | to make | make | making | made | made |
| significar | to mean | mean | meaning | meant | meant |
Sección General de Verbos
- Verbos Auxiliares
- Listado de los Principales Auxiliares – expandir ->
- El Verbo Get
Puntos Importantes
Tipos de To:
- To como parte del verbo:
- “Listening to” (pertenece al verbo)
- Ejemplos:
- I enjoy listening to music.
- She is looking forward to meeting you.
- To como dirección o movimiento:
- “Go to,” “send to,” “travel to,” “walk to” (significa hacia)
- Ejemplos:
- I need to go to the store.
- Please send this letter to John.
- To con el propósito de:
- “Para” – con el propósito
- Ejemplos:
- I need this pen to write.
- They went to the library to study.
- To como infinitivo:
- Infinitivo (“es el nombre del verbo”)
- Ejemplos:
- To work, to be, to play.
- It’s important to stay focused.
- Fenómeno del doble verbo:
- “I need to eat” (uso de dos verbos juntos)
- Ejemplos:
- I want to learn English.
- She decided to leave early.
Tabla de la Manzanita: (Ejemplo visual para ilustrar el uso de diferentes pronombres en inglés)
| Personal Pronouns | Possessive Adjectives | – | Possessive Pronouns | Object Pronouns |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | My | 🍎 | Mine | Me |
| You | Your | 🍎 | Yours | You |
| He | His | 🍎 | His | Him |
| She | Her | 🍎 | Hers | Her |
| It | Its | 🍎 | Its | It |
| We | Our | 🍎 | Ours | Us |
| You (plural) | Your | 🍎 | Yours | You |
| They | Their | 🍎 | Theirs | Them |
(Resumen rápido de tiempos verbales)
| Tiempo Verbal | Ejemplo en inglés | Traducción |
|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | I go to the gym. | Yo voy al gimnasio. |
| Present Continuous | I am going to the gym. | Estoy yendo al gimnasio. |
| Simple Past | I went to the gym. | Fui al gimnasio. |
| Past Continuous | I was going to the gym. | Estaba yendo al gimnasio. |
| Present Perfect | I have gone to the gym. | He ido al gimnasio. |
| Future | I will go to the gym. | Iré al gimnasio. |
| Future Continuous | I will be going to the gym. | Estaré yendo al gimnasio. |
B.- Herramientas Lingüísticas (Puntos gramaticales ordenados de manera funcional que permiten un fácil entendimiento del inglés)
Introducing:
La usaremos en las siguientes 4 conversaciones:
- Pedir y dar información personal (nombre, teléfono, profesión, etc.)
- Presentar a otra persona y dar descripciones físicas y psicológicas.
- También para indicar la ubicación de algo o alguien.
- Expresar estados de ánimo que en español expresamos como: “tengo”.
AUX: TO BE
PRESENT: AM, IS, ARE
PAST: WAS – WERE
I – am / was
You – are / were
He – is / was
She – is /was
It – is /was
We – are /were
You – are /were
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| I am Andy. | I am not a student. | Are you Chilean? |
| She is a teacher. | They are not my friends. | Is he a teacher? |
| Who is your teacher? | Are you a student or a teacher? | |
| I am Mark, I am a lawyer and my telephone number is 5557869 | She is Jessica, she is an accountant. Jessica is my sister and she is single | He is Peter. He is American. Peter is my neighbor and he is very intelligent |
| I am not a dentist and my last name is not Robinson. It is Anderson. | Jessica is not my cousin, she is my sister. She’s not married | Peter is not Chilean and his address is not 2245, Vespucio Avenue |
| Question: What is your name? Answer: My name is Mark | What is her name? Her name is Jessica. | What is his name? His name is Peter. |
| What is your profession? I am a lawyer. | What is her profession? She is an accountant. | What is his profession? He is a policeman. |
| Mark, are you single? Yes, I am. | Are you Italian? No, I am not. I am Canadian | Is Jessica single? Yes, she is |
| Is she a teacher? No, she’s not. She is an accountant | Are Jessica and Peter married? No, they are not. She is my sister and Peter is my neighbor. They are single. | How old are they? Jessica is 25 years old and Mark is 32 years old. |
To Point at Things:
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| This is my house. | This is not my book. | Is this your pen? |
| That is your car. | Those are not my shoes. | Is that your phone? |
| What is this? | ||
| Is this your house or your car? |
Present Continuous – Past Continuous:
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| I am playing the guitar. | He is not watching TV. | Are you studying? |
| She is reading a book. | They are not running. | Is she sleeping? |
| What are you doing? | ||
| Are you eating or drinking? |
Imperatives:
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| Tell me your name. | Don’t touch that. | Can you please sit down? |
| Close the door. | Don’t be late. | Will you please wait here? |
| What should I do now? | ||
| Should I wait or go ahead? |
Simple Present:
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| I go to the gym every day. | He does not like coffee. | Do you speak English? |
| She reads books often. | They do not play soccer. | Does she work here? |
| Where do you live? | ||
| Do you like coffee or tea? |
Connectors, Prepositions, and Useful Words:
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| This is nice but this one is better. | He is not here yet. | Are you coming before or after dinner? |
| I will go if you come. | She can’t go because she is sick. | Did you finish it already? |
| Why are you late? | ||
| Is this for you or for me? |
Abilities:
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| I can speak English. | He cannot swim. | Can you help me? |
| She can drive a car. | They can’t come today. | Can she play the piano? |
| What can you do? | ||
| Can you speak English or Spanish? |
Future:
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| I will travel next month. | He will not come tomorrow. | Will you go to the party? |
| She will start a new job. | They won’t be here. | Will she call you? |
| When will you arrive? | ||
| Will you travel by car or by plane? |
Quantities (How much, how many):
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| How much milk is in the fridge? | There is not much sugar left. | How much does it cost? |
| How many books do you have? | They don’t have many friends. | How many students are there? |
| How many apples are in the basket? | ||
| Is there much milk or just a little? |
Conditionals:
| Oraciones Afirmativas | Oraciones Negativas | Oraciones Interrogativas |
|---|---|---|
| If you eat healthy food, you will have more energy. | If you don’t study, you won’t pass the exam. | Will you go if he invites you? |
| If it rains, we will stay home. | If she doesn’t call, I will be worried. | Will she be happy if she gets the job? |
| What will you do if it rains? |